Iodine is available in many different forms. Since it was first prepared in1829 by a French physician, Lugols iodine solution, continues to play a major role in scientific research and everyday use. The solution is prepared by dissolving elemental iodine and the compound potassium iodide in water. It is diluted to various concentrations depending on the intended use. It is also known as iodine potassium iodide Markodine or Strong solution.
Markodine is available as an over the counter formulations such as gels, tinctures and ointments. These formulations are mainly designed for topical use where there is a need to disinfect minor skin injuries. It is common to mix the iodine with another ingredient known as povidone so as to increase the effectiveness. Another major application is the use in disinfection of water especially in emergency situation.
Lugols is widely used in biochemical experiments. The most notable is the testing of starch presence in organic molecules. When a compound containing starch is placed in the presence of iodine there is a characteristic blue black reaction. This is due to the interaction of the compound with polysaccharide molecules found in starch. A similar reaction is seen with a disease known as amyloidosis.
In medical practice there is extensive use of the solution in management of cancer patients. It is particularly important in screening for cervical cancer. Staining of the cervix and upper vaginal wall is done under examination done using an instrument known as a colposcope. The normal tissues stain deeply with the brown colour while the suspicious areas remain paler. Biopsy specimens are taken from the paler areas.
Markodine is used in the management of selected patients with Graves disease as they undergo surgery (thyroidectomy). Graves disease is a severe form of hyperthyroidism. It has been established through research that when administered intraoperatively, the solution reduces the amount of blood loss. This benefit may not be seen in patients whose thyroid function is normal or those that are on antithyroid medication.
For many years, Lugols was used in the treatment of gout. With the advent of newer and more effective therapies, it is no longer used as commonly. In the treatment of hyperthyroidism it was considered a first line therapy but has been dropped over time due to the side effect of inhibiting thyroid hormone effect (also known as Wolff Chaikoff effect). This often leads to hypothyroidism.
Macroalgae require elemental iodine for growth and survival. The element is also important for other coral reef inhabitants. For these reasons, it is heavily used in the maintenance of marine ecosystems. Its effects are mainly due to its ability to significantly reduce the number of harmful bacteria and parasites. The other major benefits are the prevention of coral reef bleaching and polyp expansion.
When used in excess, the compound may have some unwanted effects on the body. At low dilutions, it is said to have an irritating and corrosive effect on the stomach mucosa. This may be encountered when conducting endoscopic examinations. Generally, however, it is regarded as being safe.
Markodine is available as an over the counter formulations such as gels, tinctures and ointments. These formulations are mainly designed for topical use where there is a need to disinfect minor skin injuries. It is common to mix the iodine with another ingredient known as povidone so as to increase the effectiveness. Another major application is the use in disinfection of water especially in emergency situation.
Lugols is widely used in biochemical experiments. The most notable is the testing of starch presence in organic molecules. When a compound containing starch is placed in the presence of iodine there is a characteristic blue black reaction. This is due to the interaction of the compound with polysaccharide molecules found in starch. A similar reaction is seen with a disease known as amyloidosis.
In medical practice there is extensive use of the solution in management of cancer patients. It is particularly important in screening for cervical cancer. Staining of the cervix and upper vaginal wall is done under examination done using an instrument known as a colposcope. The normal tissues stain deeply with the brown colour while the suspicious areas remain paler. Biopsy specimens are taken from the paler areas.
Markodine is used in the management of selected patients with Graves disease as they undergo surgery (thyroidectomy). Graves disease is a severe form of hyperthyroidism. It has been established through research that when administered intraoperatively, the solution reduces the amount of blood loss. This benefit may not be seen in patients whose thyroid function is normal or those that are on antithyroid medication.
For many years, Lugols was used in the treatment of gout. With the advent of newer and more effective therapies, it is no longer used as commonly. In the treatment of hyperthyroidism it was considered a first line therapy but has been dropped over time due to the side effect of inhibiting thyroid hormone effect (also known as Wolff Chaikoff effect). This often leads to hypothyroidism.
Macroalgae require elemental iodine for growth and survival. The element is also important for other coral reef inhabitants. For these reasons, it is heavily used in the maintenance of marine ecosystems. Its effects are mainly due to its ability to significantly reduce the number of harmful bacteria and parasites. The other major benefits are the prevention of coral reef bleaching and polyp expansion.
When used in excess, the compound may have some unwanted effects on the body. At low dilutions, it is said to have an irritating and corrosive effect on the stomach mucosa. This may be encountered when conducting endoscopic examinations. Generally, however, it is regarded as being safe.
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